Each one is a check that runs, described by the engine itself. If a check changes, this page changes with it.
robots.txt
robots_txtThe origin /robots.txt, parsed to RFC 9309: consecutive user-agent lines share a group, the most specific group wins, and the longest matching pattern decides with Allow winning ties. Fails when the audited path is disallowed for Googlebot; warns when the file is absent or declares no Sitemap. Distinct from the robots meta tag: a disallow here stops the crawl, not just the indexing.
Fixing it: Lets crawlers read the page, so every other signal on it can be seen.
X-Robots-Tag header
x_robots_tagIndexing directives delivered in the response header rather than the markup, including any bot-name prefix. A noindex or none fails; nofollow warns. This is checked separately from the robots meta tag because the two disagree often and a header-level noindex is invisible in the HTML.
Fixing it: Removes a header-level block that keeps the page out of the index entirely.
Server-rendered content
render_dependencyVisible text as a share of the response body, plus inline script share and server-rendered word count. Fails under 60 words alongside a script-heavy document, or below a 2% text ratio; warns below 5%. SEOAST executes no JavaScript, so this measures what a crawler sees before deciding whether to queue a rendered pass.
Fixing it: Puts the content in the first response, where every crawler reads it, instead of behind a render pass that is neither fast nor guaranteed.
Structured data (JSON-LD)
structured_dataEvery <script type="application/ld+json"> block: whether it parses as JSON, whether it declares an @type (walking arrays and @graph), and which types are present. A block that fails to parse is worse than no block at all, because it forfeits rich-result eligibility silently.
Fixing it: Makes the page eligible for rich results. Eligible, not guaranteed — Google decides whether to show them.
Heading hierarchy
heading_hierarchyThe h1-h6 outline: how many h1 elements exist, whether any heading is empty, and whether the document skips a level (an h2 followed directly by an h4). Zero or multiple h1 elements and skipped levels both make the page outline ambiguous to crawlers and screen readers.
Fixing it: Gives crawlers and screen readers an unambiguous outline of what the page covers.
H1 and title alignment
h1_title_alignmentOverlap between the meaningful terms in <title> and in the first <h1>, as a fraction of the smaller term set. At or above 0.5 the two describe the same topic; at or above 0.25 they are loosely related; below that the search result promises one thing and the page delivers another. Reports not_measurable when either element is missing or empty.
Fixing it: Makes the search result and the page agree about the topic, reducing bounce.
HTML lang attribute
html_langPresence and shape of the lang attribute on <html>, checked loosely against BCP 47 (a two- or three-letter primary subtag plus optional script, region and variant subtags). Drives language targeting, hreflang consistency and screen-reader pronunciation.
Fixing it: Tells search engines and screen readers which language the page is written in.
llms.txt (AI-search readiness)
llms_txtThe site-root /llms.txt: whether it is Markdown, has the required H1, carries a summary of at least 40 characters and links to any pages. A malformed file fails; absence only warns. No search engine has committed to reading this file and its absence is not known to cost visibility — it carries the lightest weight on this list for exactly that reason.
Fixing it: Gives AI crawlers a curated map of the site. An emerging convention with no confirmed effect on search visibility.